How to Compose an Effective Paragraph

Paragraphing, says William Zinsser, is a subtle but important element in writing nonfiction articles and books—a road map constantly telling your reader how you have organized your ideas (On Writing Well, 2006). If youre prepared to go beyond conventional formulas for dividing a text into paragraphs, consider these observations by experienced authors, editors, and teachers. Enlightening ReadersThe breaking up into paragraphs and the punctuation have to be done properly but only for the effect on the reader. A set of dead rules is no good. A new paragraph is a wonderful thing. It lets you quietly change the rhythm, and it can be like a flash of lightning that shows the same landscape from a different aspect.(Isaac Babel, quoted by Konstantin Paustovsky in The Story of a Life: Years of Hope. Pantheon, 1968) ExperimentingParagraphing is often taught in English classes with the same sort of false dictums that poisons much of writing instruction. . . . [Encourage] students to experiment with paragraphing in their own essays, looking to see how paragraphing develops their intended rhythm and tone.(Paul Lee Thomas, Reading, Learning, Teaching Kurt Vonnegut. Peter Lang, 2006) Following InstinctA clever man might successfully disguise every element of his style but one—the paragraphing. Diction and syntax may be determined and controlled by rational proc esses in full consciousness, but paragraphing—the decision whether to take short hops or long ones, whether to hop in the middle of a thought or action or finish it first—that comes from instinct, from the depths of personality.(Rex Stout, Plot It Yourself. Viking, 1959) Practicing the Art[P]aragraphing is ultimately an art. Its good practice depends on feel, voice and instinct rather than on any formula or techniques that can be dutifully learnt.(Richard Palmer, Write in Style: A Guide to Good English, 2nd ed. Routledge, 2002) Editing by EarWe think of paragraphing as an organizational skill and may teach it in conjunction with the prewriting or planning stages of writing. I have found, however, that young writers understand more about paragraphing and cohesive paragraphs when they learn about them in conjunction with editing. When developing writers know the reasons for paragraphing, they more readily apply them in the editing stage than in drafting.Just as students can be trained to hear end punctuation, they can also learn to hear where new paragraphs start and when sentences are off the topic.(Marcia S. Freeman, Building a Writing Community: A Practical Guide, rev. ed. Maupin House, 2003) Punctuating ProseWe must stop asking what a paragraph is and start asking what paragraphing (i.e., the initiation of a new paragraph) signals to readers; we must think of paragraphing as a kind of macro-punctuation mark that guides readers interpretation of passages much as commas guide readers interpretation of sentences.(Richard M. Coe, Toward a Grammar of Passages. Southern Illinois University Press, 1988) Taking BreathsIn general, I would suggest, the paragraph could be understood as a sort of literary respiration, with each paragraph as an extended—in some cases very extended—breath. Inhale at the beginning of the paragraph, exhale at the end. Inhale again at the start of the next.(Francine Prose, Reading Like a Writer: A Guide for People Who Love Books and for Those Who Want to Write Them. HarperCollins, 2006) Using Common SenseEffective paragraphing is based on common sense. Most readers dont prefer reading extremely long paragraphs or strings of very short paragraphs. Neither helps them to get the most out of what they are reading.(Thomas Tyner, Writing Voyage: A Process Approach to Writing, 8th ed. Thomson Wadsworth, 2008) Catching the EyeKeep your paragraphs short. Writing is visual—it catches the eye before it has the chance to catch the brain. Short paragraphs put air around what you write and make it look inviting, whereas a long chunk of type can discourage a reader from even starting to read. . . .But dont go berserk. A succession of tiny paragraphs is as annoying as a paragraph thats too long.(William Zinsser, On Writing Well. Collins, 2006) Catching a RestThe purpose of paragraphing is to give the reader a rest. The writer is saying to him: Have you got that? If so, Ill go on to the next point. Th ere can be no general rule about the most suitable length for a paragraph . . .. The paragraph is essentially a unit of thought, not of length.(H.W. Fowler, Modern English Usage, 2nd edition, revised by Ernest Gowers. Oxford University Press, 1965) More About Paragraphs in Essays Paragraph BreaksParagraph LengthParagraph Unity

What significance do journeys have in The Kite Runner as a...

The novel of the Kite Runner as a whole is riddled with different journeys which are undertaken by different characters. These journeys are both physical and spiritual yet the most apparent journey is Amirs journey from Afghanistan to the USA and back again, this takes place from the beginning on the novel to the end of the novel and as accompanied by Amirs journey or quest for redemption. Despite Amirs journeys being one of the more notable ones he is not the only character on a journey as Rahim Kahn is also on his final journey in search of a final resting place. Amirs journeys are also linked with traumatic effects with each of his journeys being linked to major events. For example Amirs journey to Pakistan in the truck leads†¦show more content†¦However during his final return to Afghanistan he also states that the car sickness had gone which could show how he had finally adopted the morals and bravery of Baba and accepted the gravity and repercussions of the situation he was in. Another example which takes place as he returns to Afghanistan is his feeling of nostalgia. However he does not view his return to Afghanistan as a return to the place he was conceived in as he still considers himself a â€Å"tourist in his own country†. Overall his journey back to the country to rescue Sorab is not only a physical one but it could also have spiritual undertones as his return could symbolize his return from his old cowardly ways. This is reinforced by the fact that he left Afghanistan afraid and returned to it acknowledging the fact that the Taliban would likely try to kill him when he made his demands. Amirs return to America with Sorab can be seen as the final journey he takes part in yet it is not one filled with happiness and positive emotion as he is faced with Sorabs suicide attempt. However unlike in previous chapters Amir must now face the problem instead of running away and repressing it like he did with Hassan. This final journey serves to show us how Amir has finally changed and he no longer abandons problems even when it is in relation to someone he cares about, this journey could also serve as the ending of hisShow MoreRelatedThe Kite Runner Essay1321 Words   |  6 PagesWhat are the essential values and ideas presented in The Kite Runner? Analyse and assess how effective their representation is Hosseini has expressed copious essential values and ideas in his novel The Kite Runner (TKR) including Loyalty, Culture, Gender and Ethnicity and Atonement. Hosseini has expressed these through the combination of style, structure, characterisation, themes and setting. Due to the context of The Kite Runner, culture is an important idea presented because it has major significanceRead MoreThe Kite Runner Film826 Words   |  3 Pagestheater, pondering their thoughts on the film they’d just seen. The Kite Runner, a film about a boy not standing up for his best friend, trying to forget his guilt and eventually embarking on a dangerous journey to try to redeem himself. â€Å"Wow, that movie was such an eye opener! I had no idea what Afghan culture was about, let alone the hardships and struggles people faced,† said Alex, â€Å"But it was really about guilt and atonement I guess. What did you like the best Jack?,† â€Å"The relationship between AmirRead MoreComparing A Thousand Splendid Sons and The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini1945 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"It may be unfair, but what happens in a few days, sometimes even in a single day, can change the course of a whole lifetime†¦Ã¢â‚¬  –Khaled Hosseini. The comparison between the novel, A Thousand Splendid Sons, and movie, The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini is inevitable. In both cases, each character goes through changes, leaving what was once a part of their daily routines just a memory. The Kite Runner is a movie about friendship, betrayal, and the price of loyalty. It is about the bonds between fathersRead MoreThe Kite Runner By F. Scott Fitzgerald3105 Words   |  13 Pages1. The Kite Runner portrayed numerous characters with flaws and turning points. The Protagonist Amir, he clearly faces a life changing turning point at the plot of the novel, desperate to seek redemption. Turning point in the novel, which changes his life. It seems he is desperate to seek redemption. The turning point for Amir in the novel was when Hassan went to go get Amir’s kite but he got himself into trouble with Assef and his friends. Hassan was brutally raped, while Amir choose to hide andRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 PagesDemocracy 2. Science/Tech a. Science and Ethics b. Government and scientist role in science c. Rely too much on technology? d. Nuclear technology e. Genetic modification f. Right tech for wrong reasons 3. Arts/Culture a. Arts have a future in Singapore? b. Why pursue Arts? c. Arts and technology d. Uniquely Singapore: Culture 4. Environment a. Developed vs. Developing b. Should environment be saved at all costs c. Are we doing enough to save the environmentRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagessolution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice

William Shakespeare s Hamlet - 847 Words

Elena Ehrlich Mrs. Stensaas Hour 1 Hamlet Final Paper Motif Paper - Seems vs. Is The play, Hamlet, takes place in the Renaissance era, and readers are exposed to the golden age of English writing as well as its featured complexities. Shakespeare’s work features young Hamlet’s life after his father’s passing. Hamlet shows that death is a hard occurrence to heal from. Hamlet reveals both the negative and positive events that arise because of it. Prince Hamlet does not alleviate from his father’s death like others do in the play. He even attempts to get revenge because his father’s ghost requests him to do so. Shakespeare’s writing is embedded with a strong sense of comparing the fantasy world of people, things, and ideas that â€Å"seem†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦how it â€Å"is†. During Hamlet, the Ghost of King Hamlet is a dominant character. Prince Hamlet, the King’s son, claims that he sees the Ghost and talks to it. On one occasion, the Ghost converses with Hamlet while he is in a room with Gertrude, the Queen. Hamlet responds to the Ghost, so the Queen wonders â€Å"To whom do you speak this† (3.4.149) concerning Hamlet’s actions. Although the ghost â€Å"seemed† to be real to Hamlet as a perceived fantasy, the Queen saw nothing in reality. This makes it questionable to readers whether or not there actually â€Å"is† a ghost. Furthermore, it is questionable whether or not Shakespeare intended to portray a true ghost, or if it might have truly just been a figment of Hamlet’s imagination to add to the motif of â€Å"seems vs. is.† Another instance in the play involves Gertrude when she is concerned for Hamlet’s coping to his father’s death. The Queen confronts Hamlet and asks him what â€Å"seems† to be so important about his father’s death. Hamlet brusquely snaps back and replies, â€Å"Seems,† madam? Nay, it is. I know not â€Å"seems.† (1.2.78-79). Hamlet completely rejects how his appearance of himself â€Å"seems† to be by revealing how he actually â€Å"is† feeling to his mother with the harsh reality of the truth to his feelings that he blatantly says it to her. Lastly, Shakespeare accounted for this â€Å"seems vs. is† motifShow MoreRelatedHamlet : William Shakespeare s Hamlet1259 Words   |  6 PagesOmar Sancho Professor Christopher Cook English 201-0810 Hamlet Paper 23 May 2016 Hamlet Character Analysis â€Å"There is nothing either good or bad, but thinking makes it so.†(Act 2, Scene 2, 239-251) Hamlet by William Shakespeare is one of the most famous plays written that conveys a multitude theme. But most predominant is the presence of Hamlet s obsession with philosophy of life, throughout the play Hamlet philosophy reviles his point of view love, loyalty, the importance of family and friendsRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet - Hamlet1160 Words   |  5 PagesPart 1: Hamlet Word Count: 1000 In what ways does Shakespeare s Hamlet explore the human mind? The play Hamlet written by William Shakespeare, is seen to be an exploration of the human mind and shows the consequences our actions have when they are acted in pure impulse and emotion instead of being thought about. The character Hamlet makes majority of his decision in the heat of the moment, but had trouble deciding which action to take after intense consideration. The actions that Hamlet doesRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet Essay902 Words   |  4 PagesTo be, or not to be; that s the question† (Act III, Scene 1, P.1127) is of the most widely circulated lines. As we all know, it is also the most important part of the drama, â€Å"Hamlet†, which is one of the most famous tragedy in the literature written by William Shakespeare between from 1599 to1602. The drama was written at the age of Renaissance that reflects the reality of the British society in sixteenth century to early seventeenth century. During that period, Britain was in the era of reverseRead Mor eWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet 1265 Words   |  6 PagesWe have all been guilty at some point in our lives of trying to act like a conflict we ve had has not existed or been a problem at all. In William Shakespeare s Hamlet we are bombarded with characters that are avoiding conflict by acting like they don t exist. Although majority of my classmates felt Hamlet was a play about revenge, I believe Shakespeare is addressing the issue of chaos and how it cannot be rectified by conjuring up a false reality; it only pushes the conflict into further disarrayRead MoreHamlet By William Shakespeare s Hamlet1936 Words   |  8 PagesWilliam Shakespeare s, Hamlet, written in the seventeenth century and first performed in 1602, is still a complex and intriguing play that encompasses many Jungian archetypes in relation to the setting and characters. This play was approximately four centuries old before Shakespeare reworked it for the stage. Hamlet is based on events involving the death of th e King of Denmark according to the Norse legends. This paper deals with a small portion of the entirety of the events in Hamlet. ScholarsRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet 1130 Words   |  5 PagesHoratio and Hamlet that demonstrate how he changes from the beginning to the end of the play. In the epic tragedy Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, Prince Hamlet is trapped in a world of evil that is not his fault. Hamlet’s demeanor and attitude fluctuate over the course of the play. While Hamlet means well and is portrayed to be very sensitive and moral, at times he can appear to be overruled by the madness and darkness from the tragedy of his father s murder. His dealings with his dad s ghostlyRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet 1077 Words   |  5 Pagessuch as William Shakespeare have 4dictated their works in a way that allows for them to integrate common occurrences of new psychological findings into a text, giving them an opportunity to sculpt characters that differentiate themselves from one another. Psychoanalytical Criticism is the application of psychological studies incorporated into the findings of contemporary literature, principles founded by Sigmund Freud and Jacques Lacan are most commonly referred to in these texts. Hamlet is an identityRead M oreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet 1116 Words   |  5 PagesTeresa Fang Professor Moore Humanities 310 28 October 2015 To Seek Revenge or to Wait? Hamlet is a very enigmatic fellow. In Hamlet by William Shakespeare, the theme of revenge is presented as a controversial one. Before the play was set, Prince Hamlet’s uncle and new stepfather, King Claudius, had taken part in the assassination of his brother, old King Hamlet. Old King Hamlet died without a chance to receive forgiveness for his sins. As a result, his spirit is condemned to walk the earthRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet 1163 Words   |  5 Pages William Shakespeare was a great author, who was able to break the cast of a one-dimensional character. In his play, Hamlet, which was set in the middle ages of Denmark, he was able to represent all of the protagonist’s, Hamlet, human intricacies, creating a round character. Hamlet’s character is fascinating, due to him being complicated. He himself insists that he has many cognitive and logical characteristics in Act I, Scene II. We are shown this when he tells the Queen, â€Å"Seems , madam? NayRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet 2273 Words   |  10 Pages William Shakespeare was an English playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world s pre-eminent dramatist. Shakespeare is perhaps most famous for his tragedies. Most of his tragedies were written in a seven-year period between 1601 and 1608. One of these tragedies is his famous play Hamlet. The age of Shakespeare was a great time in English history. The reign of Queen Elizabeth saw England emerge as the leading naval and commercial power of the

Culture of Malaysia - 3713 Words

1.0 INTRODUCTION Malaysia is a one of the multi cultural country. Cultures have been meeting and mixing in Malaysia since the very beginning of its history. More than fifteen hundred years ago a Malay kingdom in Bujang Valley welcomed traders from China and India. Malaysias cultural mosaic is marked by many different cultures, but several in particular have had especially lasting influence on the country. Chief among these is the ancient Malay culture, and the cultures of Malaysias two most prominent trading partners throughout history--the Chinese, and the Indians. These three groups are joined by a dizzying array of indigenous tribes, many of which live in the forests and coastal areas of Borneo. Although each of these cultures has†¦show more content†¦In schools or collages, especially boarding schools, the phenomenon known as ragging is an accepted ritual of the orientation process. Where, the senior students will rag the junior or new entry students. This ritual is continues and make t he high and low power among the students no matter whether they Malay, Chinese or Indians. The seniors always hold the high power and the juniors is always becomes low power. In the workplace, employees are discouraged from questioning or critiquing senior-level colleagues. Here the senior-level employees will have the high power to do some decision, without consulting with the junior-level employees. The gap between the senior-level and junior-level makes the employees to hold the higher authority and no authority powers. Because of three different cultural in Malaysia, power distance in family will be vary by their own culture. For the Malay, the parents allow their children to take decision after a time of age, normally when they started to work. For the Chinese, they will give more freedom to their children’s to make decision. For the Indians, the parents always hope their children’s will listen to them and will follow the parent’s decision. Normally this will fall into studies, job selection and marriage. Parents in Malaysia usually will chose the study field for their children’s rather than ask their children’s interest. For the job decision, most of the parentsShow MoreRelatedThe Ethnic Groups in Malaysia and Its Culture1959 Words   |  8 PagesThe Ethnic Relation and Culture in Malaysia. By just looking at the title above, you know what I am going to talk about. Yes, you are right, the culture of our magnificent country. Our country is actually envied by many foreigners. Why? Well, one of the main reasons is because of how we Malaysians can live in harmony for many years, even though we consist of many different races and ethnic groups. 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Ali, PhD Department of Communication, Faculty of Modern Languages Communication, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia Siti Zobidah Omar, PhD Department of Communication, Faculty of Modern Languages Communication, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia This is an uneditedRead MoreKey Characteristics That Make Up A Culture1222 Words   |  5 Pages Malaysia is divided into two parts, Peninsular and East Malaysia. The first is situated in the southern part of the Malay Peninsula, sharing borders with Thailand and Singapore. East Malaysia occupies a part of the island Borneo and shares borders with Indonesia and Brunei. Malaysia is a country that is multicultural and diverse. Cultural Awareness â€Å"is the foundation of communication and it involves the ability of standing back from ourselves and becoming aware of our cultural values, beliefsRead MoreCrime : Safety And Security1749 Words   |  7 Pagesdesignated as Medium for Malaysia; however, the rate is believed to be higher in Kuala Lumpur (KL). Petty crime against expatriates is fairly common while violent crime remains relatively uncommon. Most criminal activity directed against foreigners is limited to non-violent crimes of opportunity such as petty theft, purse snatching, pickpocket, and credit card fraud. Purse snatching is the most frequently reported crime against expatriates, as reported by the Royal Malaysia Police in a recent crimeRead MoreBillabong : A Group Global Code Of Conduct1381 Words   |  6 Pagesbrand in contests, which has led to the company’s success in Australia and globally. Company Culture Group Global Code of Conduct Billabong has a Group Global Code of Conduct that combines together the company’s policies and practices so that all employees are all equally understanding of what the company stands for. This report is also available in eight different languages, making it accessible for many cultures. It outlines Billabong’s values, which is stated being â€Å"integrity, honesty, trust, teamworkRead MoreCultural Difference in Malaysia1448 Words   |  6 PagesWhat are cultural differences between Malaysia and other countries? In general culture can define as a way of life and process of development of the personality, spirit, mind, and the human effort in a community or cluster. Culture can be understood as the creation of human community in various forms, whether tangible or intangible. Culture it’s very important because it show the difference between societies to another society. 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Summary ïÆ' ¼ Palm oil is a plant with various uses in human life (such as: tooth paste, Moisturizer and biodiesel). ïÆ' ¼ Malaysia is one of the largest producers and exporters of palm oil. ïÆ' ¼ Gajah Berang Oil Palm Estate is one of the largest multinational palm oil conglomerates whose managers offer a balance between efficiency and employee satisfaction. ïÆ' ¼ The company has multicultural employee since its workers from Sri Lanka, Indonesia, India and Bangladesh

Kahaani and Mumbai Diaries Film Review Free Essays

string(134) " situations to provide a comparison of the physical and mental differences amongst the various sects of individuals living in Mumbai\." Dhobighat and Kahaani Film reviews [Student Name] [Course Title] [Course Supervisor] Film reviews Introduction: The Indian film industry has never been popular for its art films. Art films in Indian cinemas usually try to portray a particular aspect of the Indian culture and norm. These movies avoid all the glitz and glamour normally found in Indian movies. We will write a custom essay sample on Kahaani and Mumbai Diaries Film Review or any similar topic only for you Order Now No glitz or glamour usually restricts these movies to a low budget nor are these movies able to attract a large number of audience to the cinema. Directors that usually make such movies try to get a point across to the audience using the cinema screen to portray their view of a particular issue within the community. Dhobighat The movie starts off showing Arun (Amir Khan) moving into a shabby apartment in an old locality of Mumbai. The film depicts Arun as an artist who meets Shia (Monica Dogra) an American investment banker at one of his exhibitions. The two fall for each other and end up spending the night together. Shai expects Arun would commit to their new found relationship but instead Arun makes it clear that he is not interested in a long term relationship and their night together was nothing more than a one night stand. Shai angry at Arun’s attitude leaves the apartment (Gurbaxani, 2011). This scene depicts a cultural trend that has greatly influenced the modern Indian society. Indian women are known to be conservative. They are forbidden to have premarital sexual relationships. However influenced by western culture, more and more Indian women have been engaging in premarital sex (Dhawan Kurup, 2006). Spending the night with Arun highlights the western influence that has been a part of the Indian society for quite some time now. Whereas getting angry at Arun for his lack of commitment portrays the conservative Indian side that has been a tradition with in the Indian society. Munna (Prateik Babbar) is the laundry boy for Shai and Arun. Munna aspires to become a famous actor. Munna has a brother who has links to the underworld and his brother tries to use his links within the industry to try and get Munna a break even though Munna is against his brothers activities. Later on in the movie Munna’s brother is murdered probably because of his ties to the underworld (Gurbaxani, 2011). The movie in this scene highlights the underworld influence that has made its way to the Indian film industry. There have been many instances and incidents where mob bosses from the Indian underworld have funded and backed various producers. Anyone who has refused to work in mob backed movies has received threats and sometimes even been targeted by the underworld. Initially the mob bosses were just like any other fans of bollywood superstars. However all that changed when one of these mobsters started financing movies of an actress he fancied. Soon the rest of the underworld got on the idea. Refusal of banks to invest in Indian cinema forced the producers to accept offerings made by the mob bosses (Corliss, 2002). Munna arrives at Shai’s apartment to collect her laundry and the two soon become good friends. Munna offers to become her guide and in return Shai promises she would prepare a portfolio for Munna which he plans to send out to various producers. Munna soon starts developing feelings for Shai but is unable to express his feelings for her (Gurbaxani, 2011). India has been a country where people have been divided into different castes and creeds. From ancient times the caste system has defined the social, financial and economic lives of the Indian people. Marriage of an individual is limited to his or her caste, castes are defined by birth and a person’s caste decides the job that person is best suited for (Callaham Pavich, 2011). The movie cites Munna’s lower caste and the difference of financial status as the main reasons as to why he doesn’t confess his fee lings to Shai. Meanwhile Shai gets obsessed wit Arun and starts stalking him. The building opposite to Arun’s apartment is under construction and the builder happens to be Shai’s father. Taking advantage of this fact Shai uses the building as a means to take Arun’s pictures without his knowledge. Arun on the other hand has his mind set on the tapes that belonged to the previous tenant of the house. The tapes contain messages from a woman named Yasmin (Kriti Malhotra) to her brother. Arun watches those tapes and soon starts drawing inspiration from them (Gurbaxani, 2011). It is normal for artists to draw inspiration from daily objects. Different artists gain inspiration from different day to day objects and people. These inspirations can be from friends, family or even a song they like (Barnett, 2012). The movie cites the tapes by Yasmin as a means of inspiration for Arun’s work. To make a living and promote his dream of becoming a movie star Munna works as a laundrier by day and kills rats for different localities by night time. Once while taking some pictures Shai comes across Munna while he is on his night job working as an exterminator. Shai takes his picture while Munna is working. Angry and confused Munna makes a run for it. Arun watches the last video left by Yasmin in which she confesses that her husband is in fact having an affair and shows signs that she would probably kill herself. Feeling frustrated Arun leaves the apartment for good. Shai gets hold of Munna and asks him for Arun’s new address. Initially Munna hesitates and lies about not knowing the where abouts of Arun but eventually gives her Arun’s new address (Gurbaxani, 2011). The film depicts Yasmin as the narrator and uses her experiences of Mumbai to portray the famous landmarks of the city in a completely new perspective. The narration of Yasmin’s experiences gives Dhobighat the shape of a love letter written to the city of Mumbai. The movie uses various situations to provide a comparison of the physical and mental differences amongst the various sects of individuals living in Mumbai. You read "Kahaani and Mumbai Diaries Film Review" in category "Papers" An example is a scene from the movie in which Shai wants to conduct Munna’s photo shoot outside the studio. However Munna being a native of Mumbai does not find the sights and sceneries of Mumbai as fascinating as Shai does (Gurbaxani, 2011). Normally Bollywood films are very expensive and can cost up to $20 million (The Economist, 2000). Up until the 1990s the sets, costumes and special effects used were mediocre in quality. The popularity of Hollywood movies in India forced the directors and producers to improve the quality of their movies (The Economist, 2000). However Dhobighat cost a mere $1. 8 million a fact that astonished and amazed majority of Indian and international film critics (Pillai, 2010). Indian filmmakers find that shooting in foreign countries draws the public to the cinema. Various foreign locations have been used in the past to make the movie more appealing to the masses. Either film makers choose foreign locations to get away from the crowd or they argue that it is the need of the script that makes them choose those foreign locations. Incentives given to the indian film industry by the government also attracts various film makers towards the idea of shooting at foreign locations (Trivedi, 2012). Dhobighat was produced using guerilla techniques in which multiple localities of Mumbai were used to make the movie. The director Kiran Rao didn’t use any kind of set at all. Kiran wanted to Dhobighat to be a tribute to the people of Mumbai (OutlookIndia. com, 2010). Most of the parts in the film were in English something that troubled Kiran and Amir Khan. Majority of indian population had a hard time understanding English a factor that most likely would have affected the film’s business. The production team decided to dub the English scenes in Hindi (Pillai, 2010). The distributor of the movie for United States and India was UTV. UTV a subsidiary of Walt Disney has been one of the major distributors of Indian cinema and has been one of the prominent entities in bringing Indian cinema to the world. The last decade or so has been the turning point of the company. UTV took up movies that changed the way movies were made in Bollywood. A number of these movies were hits. Peepli live, Rang De Basanti and Brfi are examples of some of the great films that UTV Motion Pictures have worked on. Senior Vice President at UTV Motion Pictures U. S. A dubbed the movie as being different to what Indian movie fans are used to. He was also critical about the reception the movie was going to get. Despite the Academy Awards taking place on the same date UTV released the movie on 21st January 2011 in United States and India. The release date couldn’t be delayed because India was hosting the world cup and the film crew wanted to release the film on the same date to prevent the production of pirated copies. UTV gave preference to the Indian fans because the movie mainly targeted the Indian audience. UTV were encouraged after the Dhobighat got positive response at the Toronto and London film festivals (Sydney, 2011). Dhobighat was a success at the box office. Despite everyone’s expectations Dhobighat was liked by the Indian population raking in more than $2. 6 million in India. The film did fairly well in United States, United Kingdom and Dubai making more than $780000. Internationally the movie did quite well making a whopping $1. 6 million. The success of Dhobighat pleased the lead star and producer Amir Khan. Amir Khan further commented and dubbed the movie as a success because of the type of movie it was. Kahaani The movie starts at Kolkata metro rail where a gas attack takes place killing the passengers on board. Fast forward a few years a pregnant woman named Vidya Bagachi (Vidya Balan) arrives in Kolkata from London during a religious festival. Vidya is a software engineer who is searching for her missing husband. During her visit to the local police station Vidya meets Satyaki Rana Sinha (Parambrata Chatterjee) a police officer who agrees to help Vidya in finding her husband. The two visit National Data Center where Vidya claims her husband worked (Dhaniwala, 2012). In India the police are usually considered incompetent and inefficient. They have frequently been criticized by the mass population for not taking their jobs seriously, accepting bribes and folding after being pressurized by top officials. However the movie shows Indian police in a positive light and in particular the character of Rana playing the role of a true police officer and helping Vidya in her quest to find her husband (Pagnamenta, 2013). At the NDC office Vidya and Rana are perplexed when human resource department at NDC deny having employed Vidya’s husband. However the head of the human resource department suggests that Vidya’s husband resembles a lot like an ex-employee, Milan Damji (Indraneil Sengupta). The head of the HR department is murdered by a hitman named Bob Biswas (Saswata Chatterjee) before she could share Damji’s records with Vidya. Vidya and Rana break into the records of NDC to get more information on Damji. While searching for Damji’s records Vidya and Rana have a close encounter with Bob. The two barely escape with their lives. Vidya meets an intelligence bureau officer Khan (Nawazuddin Siddiqui) who is investigating the gas attack of Kolkata. Khan warns Vidya about the dangers of the case and informs her that Damji is wanted fugitive who is the prime suspect of the gas attacks. Khan advises Vidya to back off and leave Damjee to the police. However Vidya completely ignores Khan’s advice and visits the address stated on Damjee’s records (Dhaniwala, 2012). Indians believe that when a woman sets her mind to it she can achieve anything for the sake of her husband. These acts of courage by women originate from the story in Ramayana of a king named Dasaratha and his queen Kaikeyi who showed courage in the face of fear and saved her husband from imminent death. The movie depicts Vidya in the same manner as Kaikeyi who besides the fact being pregnant is willing to risk her life and the life of her child to find her husband and ensure his safety. Kahaani isn’t the first movie to depict such actions from Indian wives. Over the years there have been numerous films that have shown Indian wives going to great lengths to protect and obey their husbands (Murthy, 2001). Upon reaching the stated address Vidya and Rana meet an errand boy working at a small tea shop. The errand boy recognizes Damjee and gives Vidya the name of R. Sridhar an officer of NDC who frequently visited Damjee during his stay at the apartment. Bob on the instructions of Sridhar makes an attempt on Vidya’s life but dies in the process. The examination of Bob’s phone gives Vidya and Rana an IP address. Vidya confronts Sridhar at his office. A scuffle breaks our between the two and Vidya eventually ends up shooting Sridhar. The death of Sridhar angers Khan who wanted Sridhar for questioning. Vidya procures a phone number from Sridhar’s computer and dials it. It is revealed that the number belongs to Bhaskaran K. (Dhritiman Chaterji) an Investigation Bureau officer and Khan’s superior. Vidya informs Bhaskaran that she has some sensitive documents left behind by Sridhar and threatens him that if he does not cooperate she could use those documents to send him to jail. Bhaskaran tells Vidya straight up that he is not associated with any of this. However a few minutes later Vidya receives a call asking for the documents in return for the safety of her husband (Dhaniwala, 2012). Suspecting the call was from Damji Vidya agrees to meet the caller at the place of his choice with Khan and Rana on her trail. The caller turns out to be Damji and during their talks Damjee attacks Vidya. Damji menacingly points his gun at Vidya who uses her prosthetic abdomen; she was using to fake her pregnancy, to knock the gun out of his hand. Vidya kills Damji and flees the scene. It is later revealed that Vidya was in fact Arup Basu’s (Abir Chatterji) wife. Arup was killed in the gas attack and she had returned to India to seek revenge of her husband’s death (Dhaniwala, 2012). Again Kahaani isn’t the first movie where women have been shown seeking revenge for themselves or for the death of someone they loved. Bandit Queen is an example of such a movie where a poor woman who is raped and abused by high caste men in her village. She joins a gang of bandits and seeks revenge upon all who did her wrong. Another story is that of ek haseena thi where a man takes advantage of a simple woman and frames her for drug possession. Upon her release from prison she sets out t find the man who framed her to seek her revenge (rain singer, 2011). The film director and the co-writer of the script Ghosh had trouble finding producers for Kahaani. His film Aladdin was a flop despite having a star studded cast and the producers were reluctant in investing in his future ventures. The idea of a pregnant woman as the lead actress and small time actors in supporting roles were also factors that discouraged the producers from financing the movie. The low cast of shooting in Kolkata and the small budget attracted Ghosh to the idea of shooting the movie in Kolkata (Zee news, 2012). The script writer Adviata Kala did some extensive research for the film. She based most of the story on her personal experience of the city when she was searching for her boyfriend. She stated that even though there was a difference in the culture and the language barrier existed the people were very hospitable and welcoming something that can be seen in the movie (Mitra, 2012). To prepare for her role Vidya Balan visited a doctor to consult about the prosthetic belly. Vidya also consulted her doctor of how a pregnant woman was to act and how what troubles would a pregnant woman normally face. Vidya claimed that she used to portray as a pregnant woman in her college days which helped her out in her out in the film (zee news, 2012). Like Kiran Roa Ghosh used the technique of guerilla filming for his movie. The director admitted that guerilla shooting in the busy city of Kolkata during the festival was not easy. Frequently the participants of the festival stare directly into the camera or in the faces of the actors (Movie Talkies, 2012). Ghosh shot different localities of Kolkata without the public’s knowledge. Ghosh thought it would be easier to shoot without any hassle brought on by the crowd and without the need of crowd control. The shooting of the film and of Durga Pooja festival was completed in 64 days. Ghosh wanted the character of Bob to be of a hitman that would easily blend into the crowd. Ghosh briefed Chatterjee over his role and told him to portray Bob as being polite. To make the character seem more believable Ghosh gave him a bald patch and advised Chatterjee to frequently rub his nails, as Indians believe rubbing ones nails prevents hair loss. Bobs character received remarkable praise from the critics and from the viewers. His famous one liner from the film became hit on the internet with individuals quoting him on different social networking websites. The young generation of India was really impressed by Bob and some of them even approached Ghosh with the idea of a graphic novel based on Bob. It is also rumored that some one has approached Ghosh with the idea of a television series based on the life of Bob (Mukherjee, 2012). The main distributors of Kahaani were Viacom 18 Motion Pictures. Viacom 18 Motion Pictures has been around for quite some time now dealing with Indian movies. Some of the famous movies that have done business with Viacom are Players, Son of sardar and Tanu weds Manu. The movie was a success at the box office. Initially during the first week the movie experienced a poor response. The film made $370000 in the province of Bengal in the time span of three days and during that time the seat occupancy rose from 47% on the first day to 94% on the third. The movie generated $4. 4 million in the first week passing its production cost of $1. million. By the end of the second week the movie made up to $7. 9 million in India alone. Box office India dubbed the movie a super hit just after two weeks (Box office India, 2012). Oversees the movie did reasonably well being able to generate the revenue of $1. 5 million from United Kingdom, United States, New Zealand, Australia, Pakistan and Malaysia. Hindustan times estimated that Kahaani had generated $19 million w orld wide within 50 days of its release (First Post, 2012). Kahaani’s success brought on a new trend among Bollywood producers and directors. Kolkata became a favorite location for the industry. The use of Kolkata as an opening scene was completely different from traditional Bollywood movies that had been using Mumbai and Delhi as their prime locations for shooting. The city’s colonial buildings and the hand rickshaws all added to the magnificent scenario that was presented by Ghosh in the movie. The release of the movie also had a significant impact on the tourism in Kolkata. In particular the guest house used by Vidya in the movie has attracted a lot of tourists (OneIndia. com, 2012). Ghosh plans to produce a sequel for Kahaani and use Vidya Balan as his lead actress in the same recurring role. The shooting of Kahaani 2 is to take place in 2013. The film industry has already seen the making of Kahaani in Tamil and Telegue. Conclusion The success of low budget art movies like Dhobighat and Kahaani shows a change in the trend that has been found amongst the Indian viewers. Viewers have now grown tired of all the love stories and senseless action movies that has been the recipe for a successful Bollywood movie. The viewers now want to watch movies that have a strong plot and have good stories. The success of Kahaani and Dhobighat despite their unknown actors is proof that indian viewers want to watch movies with a good plot. Expensive movies such as Agent Vinod and Rush are proof that a big budget and a star studded cast does not guarantee the success of a movie. Using real locations instead of expensive sets is another factor that separates Kahaani and Dhobighat from other movies. Instead of using foreign locations these movies opted to use popular areas of Indian cities to shoot their movies significantly reducing the budget needed for the movies. Art movies in the past decade or so have generated a great deal of revenue not only in India but overseas as well. List of References Barnett, L. , 2012. Top artists reveal how to find creative inspiration. [Online] Available at: http://www. guardian. co. uk/culture/2012/jan/02/top-artists-creative-inspiration [Accessed 8 April 2013]. Box office India, 2012. Agent Vinod Average Opening Kahaani Extraordinary Week Two. [Online] Available at: http://boxofficeindia. com/boxdetail. php? page=shownewsarticleid=4192nCat= [Accessed 10 April 2013]. Callaham, T. amp; Pavich, R. , 2011. Indian caste system. [Online] Available at: http://www. csuchico. edu/~cheinz/syllabi/asst001/spring98/india. htm [Accessed 8 April 2013]. Corliss, R. , 2002. Married to the Mob. [Online] Available at: http://www. time. com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,361780,00. html [Accessed 9 April 2013]. Dhaniwala, M. , 2012. Kahaani Review. [Online] Available at: http://www. koimoi. com/reviews/kahaani-review/ [Accessed 10 April 2013]. Dhawan, H. Kurup, S. , 2006. Pre-marital sex: Girls like to keep mum. [Online] Available at: http://articles. timesofindia. ndiatimes. com/2006-10-24/india/27785487_1_report-sexual-debut-indian-women [Accessed 8 April 2013]. First Post, 2012. Kahaani: What’s the story behind the numbers? [Online] Available at: http://www. firstpost. com/bollywood/kahaani-whats-the-story-behind-the-numbers-253056. html [Accessed 10 April 2013]. Gurbaxani, A. , 2011. ‘Dhobi Ghat’ Is A Sparkling Debut. [Online] Available at: http://mumbaiboss. com/2011/01/21/%E2%80%98dhobi-ghat%E2%80%99-is-a-sparkling-debut/ [Accessed 8 April 2013]. Mitra, I. , 2012. Vidya’s journey was my own: Advaita Kala. [Online] Available at: How to cite Kahaani and Mumbai Diaries Film Review, Papers

Heroin Essay Research Paper An introduction to free essay sample

Heroin Essay, Research Paper An debut to Heroin- The usage of difficult drugs in America is on a steady rise. Heroin is one of the biggest grounds for this. Heroin is one of the most unsafe extremely habit-forming drugs on the black market today. A board member on the National Institute of Health estimated that there are presently about 600,000 diacetylmorphine nuts in the U.S. entirely. Merely an estimated 115,000 thousand of those nuts have been admitted into a intervention plan. As the demand grows greater for this substance, the pureness gets greater, the market gets bigger and the job gets worse. Heroin is an illegal, extremely habit-forming drug. It is both the most abused and the most quickly turning drug in the opiate household. It is typically sold as a white or chocolate-brown pulverization. There is besides a signifier that is black and gluey known on the streets as black pitch diacetylmorphine. Opiates are drugs that are derived from a of course happening substance found in the poppy works. Although the pureness of the diacetylmorphine that reaches the streets is going greater, most street diacetylmorphine is cut or diluted. Normally this is done with another drug, or a substance such as sugar, amylum, powdered milk, or quinine. Street diacetylmorphine can besides be cut with strychnine or other toxicants. The ground diacetylmorphine is one of the most deathly drugs is because there are changing rates at which the drug is diluted. Therefore a user neer knows precisely how pure the drug is, therefore, they do non cognize how much of the drug they should take, frequently taking to an overdose. Like intoxicant, diacetylmorphine is a sedative that slows down all the organic structure maps. But heroin differs from intoxicant in two really important ways. It does non destruct organic structure variety meats, like the liver or kidney, the manner intoxicant does. That is why heroi n dependence can last for old ages. Second, an maltreater normally does non decease from the symptoms experienced from the backdown although it may frequently experience like the user s organic structure is being torn from the interior out. This is so unpleasant it drives many nuts back for another hit. The deceases associated with diacetylmorphines are from o.d.ing instead than backdown. These alleged good differences are now being peddled to a new coevals that has been bombarded with the negative effects of other habit-forming drugs like intoxicant and cocaine. There are three common ways in which to take the drug. The most common signifier is intravenously through a needle. You can besides whiff the pulverization signifier, or smoke it. Because acerate leafs are frequently the most popular manner to take the drug, doing needle sharing a really common pattern. This leaves heroin users with a high hazard of catching HIV, hepatitis, or a figure of other diseases. The National Institute of Health released information, which said that up to 50 per centum of all diacetylmorphine users finally contract HIV. These galvanizing Numberss have pushed some metropolis s to get downing plans that provide free acerate leafs for anyone that wants them, in theory cutting down on needle sharing. These plans are in immense argument among Congress. One side says that the needle sharing plans do non demo important cuts on needle sharing, but what they do carry through is advancing the usage of diacetylmorphine, and doing it easier. The other side of the stateme nt says that in metropoliss where the needle sharing plans were put into consequence ; the rate of HIV went down well. HIV, and AID # 8217 ; s contraction rates, has proven to be straight related to the sum of diacetylmorphine users in an country. How diacetylmorphine is perceived by the American public- Often diacetylmorphine is perceived really otherwise, depending on what individual you are speaking to. Among in-between and upper category grownups in America, the drug is frequently shunned. Many people in this position seem to barricade out that fact that the drug or a job with it even exists, because they themselves are seldom straight subjected to sing the drug taking clasp of person s life. This ignorance of it, is frequently what blinds them to the fact that their really ain kid or niece or nephew possibly acquiring involved with it. Although in-between and upper category Americans like to disregard the fact that there is a job with the drug, there thoughts about it alter when their child is rushed to the exigency room from and o.d. , or a heroin nut seeking to back up his or her wont robs them. Where as center and upper category Americans like to deny the fact that 1000000s of Americans suffer from them or person they know utilizing the drug, lower category Americans are frequently really cognizant of it, and effected by it. In the interior metropolis, diacetylmorphine usage is non uncommon, and most of the lower category grownups in America live in the interior metropolis, so that it has become an mundane portion of life for many of them. The heavy usage of this drug, and the offense associated with it frequently leave the interior metropolis s run down and economically unstable. Making it really hard for even consecutive clean people to last themselves allow entirely feed a household. Adolescents of class have a wholly different apprehension of drugs in general. Where they are funny and unfastened minded about such things, grownups are non. Upper and in-between category suburban adolescents normally don T know much about the drug or what it does. This is the same ignorance that frequently leads them into utilizing it. Often to this copper lture, diacetylmorphine is merely something that they see narratives on the intelligence about, but they feel that they would neer make such a thing, until they do it. Equally far as the lower category adolescent goes, it is an wholly different narrative. These childs are frequently brought up seeing it used and sold on a day-to-day footing by the clip they reach 12 or 13. What brings these childs to utilize it is normally wonder of it. Sing it mundane they begin to inquire what its all about. The hapless poorness life that comes with the usage of it, does non look that bad to them, because that is what they are used to. The American authorities sees heroin as a widely turning job, and is frequently considered a turning epidemic. There has been big argument as of late, about how precisely an dependence to this drug should be treated. Often the nuts of this drug are look at by the remainder of society as rubbish non deserving salvaging. Heroin addicts about ever realize they have a ma jor job, but normally feel that the attempt needed to discontinue, is merely non deserving it. They realize it is a job but they are content with it. What the drug does to the household and people around the user- Heroin is a drug that destroys full households. As the user starts to utilize diacetylmorphine at first, it seems there is no job, the parents of the user frequently don t even know about it. But about ever, the user will get down stealing from their parents and household and even friends. When caught and cornered the nut will normally arise in some manner. This frequently turns into a immense battle. It isn T until a runaway battle like one of these happens, that the parents of the user eventually recognize that THEIR child is a heroin nut. Many times younger siblings will follow in the way of their older sibling, and the rhythm will get down over once more. Many diacetylmorphine nuts are out on the street by themselves even by the age of 16 and sometimes less. The actions of the kids in these household s many times lead to the parents divorce. Slowly but certainly, like an infection, the drug will rupture apart about any household that it encounters. A long dark way to addiction- Heroin is a drug that can make anyone. From a in-between school award axial rotation pupil, to a college grad that made the dean s list, to a cocotte on the streets of Los Angeles. The way to heroin starts out really innocently. A rebellious adolescent gives into a batch of equal force per unit area, and decides to take a hit of a coffin nail. Once that is done, that downward spiral starts. After the adolescent has become asleep to the thought that coffin nails are bad, intoxicant seems more and more enticing. After the haste of acquiring intoxicated becomes a dullard, Marijuana may come into drama. Once a adolescent reaches this point, there are truly two roads that they can take. The one route, leads them into harder more powerful drugs, with greater dependences, such as diacetylmorphine. The other route is a adolescent that decides, adequate is adequate, and still has a opportunity to turn back and compose off the old drug usage as any teenager rebellion. Much to frequently the fi rst way is followed. Once the topic decides to take that first hit of the drug, it is about ever wholly declivitous from at that place. The type of people to travel down the deathly way of heroin dependence, are frequently those that come from low-income fighting households with a yesteryear of drug dependence. To these people, diacetylmorphine and other difficult drugs merely seem like the natural thing to make. The distressing thing is that even a child from a upper in-between category household on his or her manner to college, can besides be engulfed by the apparels of diacetylmorphine. These users are normally the same people that 5 old ages ago, told themselves that they would neer make such a thing. Users of diacetylmorphine are frequently people that like to populate on the border. These are the kinds of suicidal people that give themselves an unreal felicity by seting themselves or others in unsafe state of affairss. One anon. user of diacetylmorphine was quoted say this, I am a 59 twelvemonth old adult male who foremost started to utilize diacetylmorphine as a pupil at a Connecticut prep school in 1955. My m ale parent planned for me to go to Yale University and Yale Law School, but I ever took the easiest manner out in those old ages, going addicted to heroin at 16 and leaving school at 17 to populate on the streets of Harlem. This is a authoritative illustration of the user that neer believed that it would go on to them. A conclusion- Heroin and other difficult drugs are ways for childs to arise against society. It is there manner of giving society the finger. Often drug run s are excessively based on stating childs non to make the drug, where they should be seeking to inform childs on what the drug can make to you and everyone you care about. If more childs knew precisely what they were acquiring into before they decided to take that first hit, possibly they could happen a less destructive manner of arising. The media is non assisting, with the portraiture of the diacetylmorphine nut theoretical account, populating the high-life in Manhattan, or the street-wise cat in a film called Pulp Fiction, diacetylmorphine is about glamorized. The large attractive force to heroin for most childs and immature grownups though, is the fact that it is the last thing that society wants them to make. Alternatively of prophesying against the usage of diacetylmorphine, possibly person needs to prophesy about it.